The ingredient narratives reshaping clean beauty.
Limonene
aka d-limonene · (R)-limonene · p-mentha-1,8-diene · orange terpene
Common fragrance terpene contributing fresh citrus, orange peel, and clean notes. On the EU's 26 mandatory fragrance allergen disclosure list. Present in essentially all citrus-based fragrance compositions.
- Fresh, citrus, orange peel fragrance character
- Natural origin — cold-pressed from citrus peel
- Major component of many essential oil fragrance compounds
- Fast-evaporating — contributes top note brightness
- Available from natural and synthetic sources
- Fine fragrance top notes
- Citrus-fragranced body products
- Shampoos and conditioners
- All-natural fragrance blends
- Toning mists
Oil-soluble terpene. Oxidises in air to limonene oxide — a more sensitising form. EU requires separate disclosure of limonene and its oxidation products. Fresh formulations with antioxidant protection minimise oxidation.
Primary sensitisation risk arises from limonene's oxidation products (limonene-1,2-epoxide, limonene hydroperoxides) — oxidised citrus fragrances are significantly more sensitising than fresh limonene. The aging and oxidation of fragrance-containing products increases their sensitisation potential. Mandatory EU allergen disclosure required.
One of the most common fragrance allergens encountered in natural clean beauty via citrus essential oils. Natural origin does not reduce sensitisation potential. Consumer awareness of limonene sensitisation is low.
The ingredient narratives reshaping clean beauty.
Limonene
aka d-limonene · (R)-limonene · p-mentha-1,8-diene · orange terpene
Common fragrance terpene contributing fresh citrus, orange peel, and clean notes. On the EU's 26 mandatory fragrance allergen disclosure list. Present in essentially all citrus-based fragrance compositions.
- Fresh, citrus, orange peel fragrance character
- Natural origin — cold-pressed from citrus peel
- Major component of many essential oil fragrance compounds
- Fast-evaporating — contributes top note brightness
- Available from natural and synthetic sources
- Fine fragrance top notes
- Citrus-fragranced body products
- Shampoos and conditioners
- All-natural fragrance blends
- Toning mists
Oil-soluble terpene. Oxidises in air to limonene oxide — a more sensitising form. EU requires separate disclosure of limonene and its oxidation products. Fresh formulations with antioxidant protection minimise oxidation.
Primary sensitisation risk arises from limonene's oxidation products (limonene-1,2-epoxide, limonene hydroperoxides) — oxidised citrus fragrances are significantly more sensitising than fresh limonene. The aging and oxidation of fragrance-containing products increases their sensitisation potential. Mandatory EU allergen disclosure required.
One of the most common fragrance allergens encountered in natural clean beauty via citrus essential oils. Natural origin does not reduce sensitisation potential. Consumer awareness of limonene sensitisation is low.